Writing
Engineering notes
Practical notes on software systems, applied AI, and algorithms—focused on engineering decisions, failure modes, production tradeoffs, and testing.
All articles
Database isolation anomalies, MVCC, and PostgreSQL SSI
HNSW vector search from graph intuition to production tuning
Idempotency and retries in distributed APIs
Production RAG beyond the demo
Designing a distributed rate limiter that fails predictably
The monotonic stack pattern beyond memorized LeetCode solutions
Debugging a production latency spike without guessing
AI agents need boring engineering
Building an LLM evaluation system that survives production
Attention Is All You Need — engineering notes from the Transformer paper